Anticancer and Cytotoxic Potentials of Vernonia amygdalina Delile on WiDr Cell Lines

Abstract

The development of cancer treatment with natural ingredients has gained attention. This is because many of the active compounds present in nature are capable of inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. One of the natural ingredients which has antitumor is Vernonia amygdalina Delile, known in Indonesia as African leaves. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the incidence of cancer in parts of the large intestine that is prevalent in the aging population. This research investigated the effect of Vernonia amygdalina, through cytotoxic activity on human colon cancer cells (WiDr). The simplicia of the African leaves was extracted separately using 96% ethanol solvent by the maceration method. The African leaves ethanol extract was then analyzed for toxicity test using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide-2,5 (MTT) in WiDr cell lines. The findings showed that African leaves exerted cytotoxic activity with an IC₅₀ value of 26.92μg/ml which suggested the activity of African leaves extract has cytotoxic impact and to be moderately active on the WiDr cell lines. These data indicate the anti-colorectal cancer activity of Vernonia amygdalina.